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ObjectiveTo mine the compatibility rules of patented traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) compound prescriptions for treating chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) by systems pharmacology and molecular docking methods, and predict the targets and molecular mechanisms of Chinese medicinals with different efficacy in the treatment of CAG. MethodThe TCM compound prescriptions for treating CAG were extracted from the patent system of the China National Intellectual Property Administration. The active components and targets of the prescriptions were retrieved from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP), Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrative Database (TCMID), and UniProt. The candidate targets and pathways of CAG were obtained from GeneCards, DisGeNet, Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM), MalaCards, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Reactome. The gene ontology (GO) functional annotation and KEGG pathway enrichment were realized by R Studio 4.1.2. STRING11.0 was employed to build the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and AutoDock Vina 4.2.6 was used for the docking between key targets and components. ResultA total of 228 TCM compound prescriptions for treating CAG were extracted. The medicinals used in these prescriptions mainly had warm or cold nature, bitter or sweet taste, tropism to the spleen, stomach, and liver meridians, and the efficacy of tonifying Qi, regulating Qi movement, clearing heat, and activating and toniying blood. The prescriptions mainly treated CAG via p53, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt), forkhead box protein O (FoxO), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) signaling pathways. Molecular docking results confirmed that the active components in the prescriptions had docking activities with key receptor proteins. ConclusionThis study preliminarily analyzed the compatibility rules of TCM compound prescriptions in the treatment of CAG. The medicinals with different efficacy treat CAG by regulating cell proliferation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress response, preventing carcinogen production, promoting gastric acid secretion, and improving local microcirculation in a multi-target, multi-pathway, multi-link manner. The findings facilitate the research on the TCM treatment of CAG.
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Diabetic kidney disease is an important microvascular complication of diabetes and the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Its pathological characteristics mainly include epithelial mesenchymal transition(EMT) in glomerulus, podocyte apoptosis and autophagy, and damage of glomerular filtration barrier. Transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)/Smad signaling pathway is specifically regulated by a variety of mechanisms, and is a classic pathway involved in physiological activities such as apoptosis, proliferation and differentiation. At present, many studies have found that TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway plays a key role in the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease. Traditional Chinese medicine has significant advantages in the treatment of diabetic kidney disease for its multi-component, multi-target and multi-pathway characteristics, and some traditional Chinese medicine extracts, traditional Chinese medicines and traditional Chinese medicine compound prescription improve the renal injury of diabetic kidney disease by regulating TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. This study clarified the mechanism of TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in diabetic kidney disease by expounding the relationship between the key targets of the pathway and diabetic kidney disease, and summarized the research progress of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of diabetic kidney disease by interfering with TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in recent years, to provide reference for drug research and clinical treatment of diabetic kidney disease in the future.
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Humans , Diabetic Nephropathies/genetics , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Kidney/pathology , Transforming Growth Factor beta/metabolism , Signal Transduction , Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition , Smad Proteins/metabolism , Transforming Growth Factor beta1/metabolism , Diabetes Mellitus/geneticsABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo observe the protective effect of Baoshen prescription against renal fibrosis and explore its underlying mechanism through network pharmacology， molecular docking， and in vivo experiments. MethodAll mice were randomly divided into sham surgery group， model group， low-， medium-， and high-dose Baoshen prescription groups， and a benazepril hydrochloride group. Unilateral ureteral obstruction （UUO） was performed to establish a renal fibrosis model， and the administration of Baoshen prescription at low， medium， and high doses （0.455， 0.91， and 1.82 g·kg-1）， and benazepril hydrochloride （1.68 mg·kg-1） or distilled water began on the same day as model preparation. Mice in the model group and the sham surgery group were given an equal volume of distilled water. The intervention was carried out once daily for 14 days. Mouse serum levels of blood urea nitrogen （BUN） and creatinine （Cr） were measured. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining and Masson staining were used to observe renal pathological changes. Western blot and immunohistochemistry were used to assess the expression of fibronectin （FN）， α-smooth muscle actin （α-SMA）， and E-cadherin， which are related to renal fibrosis. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） was used to measure the mRNA expression of transforming growth factor-β1 （TGF-β1）， tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， NOD-like receptor protein 3 （NLRP3）， and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 （MCP-1） in renal tissues. The mechanism of Baoshen prescription in improving renal fibrosis was explored through network pharmacology， molecular docking， and Western blot experiments. ResultCompared with the sham surgery group， the model group showed significantly increased levels of BUN and Cr （P<0.01）. The model group exhibited abnormal renal glomerular morphology， loss of tubular brush borders， tubular dilation， and an enlarged area of blue collagen fibers. Mice in the model group showed significantly elevated levels of FN and α-SMA （P<0.01）， significantly decreased expression of E-cadherin （P<0.01）， and significantly increased expression of TGF-β1， TNF-α， NLRP3， and MCP-1 mRNA （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the Baoshen prescription groups showed significantly reduced BUN and Cr levels （P<0.01）， alleviated renal pathological damage， improved fibrosis， reduced expression of FN and α-SMA （P<0.01）， increased E-cadherin expression （P<0.01）， and downregulated mRNA expression of TGF-β1， TNF-α， NLRP3， and MCP-1 （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Network pharmacology and molecular docking predicted that Baoshen prescription could potentially improve renal fibrosis through the extracellular signal-regulated kinase （ERK）/p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） signaling pathway. Pharmacological research showed that compared with the sham surgery group， the model group exhibited significantly increased expression of phosphorylated （p）-ERK and p-p38 （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， medium- and high-dose Baoshen prescription groups showed significantly downregulated expression of p-ERK and p-p38 proteins （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionBaoshen prescription can effectively improve renal fibrosis induced by UUO in mice， and its mechanism of action may be related to the ERK/p38 MAPK signaling pathway.
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OBJECTIVE：To comprehensi vely evaluate the application progress of network pharmacology methods in TCM compound prescription research ，and to provide reference for modernization of TCM compound prescription research. METHODS ： Taking“network pharmacology ”and“TCM compound prescription ”as keywords ，the literatures were retrieved from CNKI ， Wanfang database and VIP during May 2006 to May 2020. Screening literature ，the databases ，analysis platforms ，and software used of the literature were summarized ；on the basis of quantitative analysis ，the application of network pharmacology in the research of traditional Chinese medicine compound were summarized. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS ：There were a total of 761 valid literatures ，among which the number of literatures that could be retrieved in 2019 reached 313. In the modernization research of TCM compound prescription ，network pharmacology methods were mainly usedmechanism ，material basis of pharmacodynamics ， compatibility law ，compound optimization ，and“effect-toxic”network. Commonly used databasesand platforms included traditional chinese medicine information database （TCMSP and TCMID ），therapeutic target database （TTD，OMIM），drug targets and target prediction platform （Drugbank，SwissTargetPrediction，TargetNet，PharmMapper），network pharmacology analysis and prediction software and platform （CytoScape），etc. Network pharmacology method was widely used in the field of TCM compound prescription research ，and provided new ideas and methods for the modernization of TCM compound prescription research. In the future，the related research can be combined with the pharmacokinetic parameters ，the efficacy of active compounds and related basic experiments ，use the weighted method to carry out network pharmacology analysis ，and integrate the information of multiple databases to improve the scientificity of research results.
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Pandemic influenza is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by influenza virus infection, which has the features of high incidence, widespread prevalence, and strong variability. For the prevention and treatment of influenza, Chinese materia medica (CMM) has obvious effects, relatively less toxic side effects, and it is popular and cheap, etc. Many scholars demonstrated the critical roles and mechanisms of CMM using the experiments of CMM against influenza virus. With investigating related literatures in recent years, this article summarizes the anti-influenza activities and mechanisms of actions of CMM, mainly the single herb and compound prescription, in order to provide idea and theoretical basis for future anti-influenza research.
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Metabolomics is an omics subject which studies on the metabolic network of organism and the intrinsic metabolic change of entirety with the aim of clarifying the mechanism of medicinal effect and pathogenesis of disease, is similar to the whole concept theory of Chinese medicine. The mectabolomics technology helps to promote the modern process of traditional Chinese medicine. This article illustrated the application research on the concept of metabolomics, the syndrome of Chinese medicine, quality and components of traditional Chinese medicine, traditional Chinese medicine compounds and so on, explored the problems on the current research and the prospect meanwhile.
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Calculus Bovis is a valuable traditional Chinese medicine and has been used for more than two thousand years in clinic with the effects of puring heart, sweeping phlegm, resuscitation, extinguishing wind and detoxification. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, modern methods have been utilized by traditional Chinese medicine researchers in the resource identification, chemical components, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, pharmacy, clinical application, etc. It is their continually exploration that makes significant achievements for the modern research of Calculus Bovis. This article statistically analysed the literatures from 1949 to December 2015 in Pubmed, CNKI, Wanfang, Vip database etc. to review Calculus Bovis and its compound formulas, as well as its substitutes, quality control, formulation study, compound prescription, pharmacological mechanism and clinical research. The aim of this article is to provide a valuable reference for future developments and studies of Calculus Bovis.
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This study was aimed to observe the clinical efficacy of anxiolytic compound prescription with Valerianae Jatamansi Rhizoma et Radix (ACPV) in treating liver Qi stagnation and feel ill at ease type generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Sixty-seven patients diagnosed as GAD with stagnation of liver Qi and feel ill at ease were randomly divided into treatment group and control group. Patients in treatment group (n=34) was treated with ACPV decoction, and patients in control group (n=33) were treated with deanxit. Both groups were treated with respective drugs for 4 weeks. HAMA scale, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) symptom scale (liver Qi stagnation and feel ill at ease type) and salivary cortisol levels were measured before and 2 weeks and 4 weeks after drug treatment. The life events scale (LES) and drug safety evaluation were performed before and after 4 weeks treatment. Two patients were excluded according to LES, and 5 patients were discontinued. Sixty patients were enrolled in the study finally (30 cases in each group). As compared with baseline, HAMA scores in both groups were significantly decreased at 2 weeks and 4 weeks (P<0.05, P<0.01). After 2 weeks and 4 weeks treatment, the TCM syndrome score in both group was also significantly improved (P<0.01). Moreover, the salivary cortisol levels in both groups were also decreased at 2 weeks and 4 weeks (P<0.05, P<0.01). The total efficiency between two groups had no statistically significant difference after 2 weeks treatment and 4 weeks treatment; moreover, no statistically significant differences were observed between two groups in HAMA scores, TCM syndrome scale scores and salivary cortisol levels between two groups. The incidence of adverse reactions in the treatment group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.01), and there were no obvious side effects in general physical examination during the period of treatment. Thus, anxiolytic compound prescription with Valerianae Jatamansi Rhizoma et Radix is effective for GAD (stagnation of liver Qi and feel ill at ease type).
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Ligustri Lucidi Fructus (LLF), which could nourish the liver and kidney, was used for the treatment of bone atrophy in ancient times. The current basic and clinical studies have shown that LLF had a broad application prospect in the treatment of osteoporosis. In this paper, by reviewing the related literature of home and abroad, we summarize the related experimental and clinical research progress of LLF and its compound on the treatment of osteoporosis, and clear their function mechanism, hoping to lay a theoretical foundation for further experimental study and clinical research.
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Through literature analysis, this paper summarizes the application of Angelicae Sinensis Radix in depression. The organic acids, phthalides, and polyacetylenes of Angeliae Sinensis Radix have the effect of antidepression, neuroprotective and monoamine reuptake inhibition. This paper reviewed that Angelicae Sinensis Radix improved the possible mechanisms of depression including injury of nerve, oxidative stress, and neurotransmitter system disorders, which will provide scientific basis for clinical treatment of depression.
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Aim To study the pharmacodynamics of antianxietic compound prescription capsule ( ACPC ) on acute stress in rats and the influence upon the ex-pression of ERK/CREB signal pathway and brain-de-rived neurotrophic factor ( BDNF) in the cerebral cor-tex and hippocampus of rats. Methods The elevated plus maze ( EPM ) test was applied to observe the effects of ACPC on acute stress rats administered 7 d low-, medium- and high-dose ( 0. 75 , 1. 5 , 3 g · kg-1 ) . The expression of ERK/CREB signal pathway and BDNF in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of rats were studied by using Western blot method. Re-sults In EPM, high-dose of ACPC increased signifi-cantly the rat open arm time ( OT%) ( P<0 . 05 ) and the percentage of open arm entries ( OE%) ( P <0. 05). In Western blot, the medium-dose of ACPC reduced significantly p-ERK1/2 expression in hippo-campus ( P <0. 05 ) , and high-dose group decreased significantly the expression of p-ERK1/2 and p-CREB in the cortex and hippocampus of rats ( P <0. 05 ) . High-dose group increased significantly the expression of BDNF in the cortex and hippocampus of rats ( P<0. 05 , P<0. 01 ) . Conclusion ACPC has anti-anxie-ty effect in the model of EPM, and its mechanism may be related to the ERK/CREB signal pathway and in-creased BDNF expression.
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Objective To discuss cause and treatment measures of the postoperative failed to fully automatic nail in patients with circumcision by disposable circumcision suture device, so as to improve the quality of the circumcision.Methods 182 cases received circumcision by disposable circumcision suture device were randomly selected from September 2014 to March 2015 in the hospital and divided into control group ( n =86 ) and treatment group (n=96).All the patients received oral antibiotics for three days conventionally.Patients in control group were dressing with 0.1%iodine after treatment, dressing change every two or three days, while the treatment group soaking with 30 mL to 40 mL compound prescription cortex phellodendri chinensis fluid for 15 min two times per day.The postoperative wound anastomosis nail loss effect in two groups were compared.Results The time of complete nail loss in patients soaking with compound prescription cortex phellodendri chinensis fluid was significantly shorter than that in patients dressing with 0.1% iodine (P<0.05), but there was no significantly difference of the first time to lose nail between two groups.The rate of complete nail loss in treatment group was 94 cases (97.9%), which was significantly higher than 68 cases (79.1%) in control group (χ2 =16.47,P<0.05). The adverse reactions were mild of two groups.Conclusion The compound prescription cortex phellodendri chinensis fluid has exact effect on postoperative wound anastomosis nail loss and recovery in patients’ with circumcision by disposable circumcision suture device.
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Background: Rheumatoid arthritis is non chronic imflammatory disease which affects joint synoval membrane and cartilaginous tissue was become as a destruction. We studied shinar-8 compound prescription was the background of our research work which is was less poisonous, with plant origin we formed joint inflammatory model which was stimulated collagen in experimental animal.Purpose: We aimed at studying action against compound prescription inflammation of shinar-8 by forming RA pathological model which was stimulated by collagen in experimental white mouse.Methods and materials: Methodology in our study divided 60 laboratory white mouse into 3 groups (control, comparing and treatment). We did clinical, laboratory and histological analyses on 14, 28, 42 days.Result: Result of determing virulence of shinar 8 compounding prescription, seeing from the result of experience 50% of death forming dosage of liquid tincture prepared wich 1:10 proportion is (LD50) 10,34g/kg. In the process of experiment when we defined leukocytosis change in the blood it revealed in 100% of control group of mice, in 55% of comparing group and in 41% of treatment group. In histological analyse of mouse joint which shinar 8 was used on 14 and 18 days inflammation symptoms disappeared but pannus and erosion still exist, in control group. In histological analyse which was made on the 42 days space between joint was clean, erosion disappeared regeneration of chondrocyte cells improved, nucleus was enlarged, hyperplasia symptoms revealed clearly.Conclusions:1. Virulence of shinar 8 compound prescription was 10,34 g/kg less.2. When we formed RA pathologic model symptom of forming pannus in cartiligous tissie (by histological analyse) it become erosion and serous hyperplasia.3. In the experimental animals which shinar-8 prescription was used symptom of leukocytosis revealed in 41%, on the 35 day symptom of inflammation disappeared and regeneration of chondrocyte cell improved.
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Objective: To synchronously inhale Chinese materia medica compound using particle as inhalation drug delivery system, notoginseng total saponins-tanshinone composite particle was prepared. Methods: The composite particle of notoginseng total saponins-tanshinone was prepared by solvent deposition method and was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential thermal analysis (DTA), particle size analysis, and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results: The notoginseng total saponins-tanshinone composite particle was successfully prepared by solvent deposition method, the results of characterization proved that tanshinone was coated on the notoginseng total saponins core particle. Conclusion: The preparation of composite particle provides an effective way for synchronous inhalation of Chinese materia medica compound prescription and technical support for the preparation of compound dry powder inhalations.
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Objective: To establish the rapid method of multi-component library preparation of large ethnodrug compound prescription and offer large amounts of samples for active components high-throughput screening. Methods: The ethyl acetate extract from Mongolian medicine BaiMai Powder was separated into a series of fractions by linear gradient elution with flash chromatography. The separation efficiency was evaluated by high-performance liquid chromatography. Results: Twenty-nine sequential components were prepared from the ethyl acetate extract of the prescription, enrichment and separation of compounds with different nature were well complished. Conclusion: Multi-component library of ethnodrug compound prescription can be constructed by flash chromatography. This method will help to overcome the difficulty of the pharmacodynamic chemical substances research of large ethnodrug compound prescription.
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Objective To explore the apoptotic effect of Eqi compound prescription (contained-herb serum) on cute myelocytic leukemia HL-60 cell, which is relative to intracellular Ca2+, Caspase-3 and Bcl-2. Methods According to serum pharmacology, HL-60 cells were exposed to 10% concentrations of contained-herb serum for 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours respectively. Cells were observed under a fluore-scence microscope. SubG1 DNA was examined by flow cytometer. Intracellular Ca2+ concentration was measured by fura-2 fluorescence load method. Caspase-3 enzymatic activity were measured by colorimetry. Bcl-2 gene expression were measured by LSAB. Results The contained-herb serum could induce apoptosis of HL-60 cells. Intracellular Ca2+ concentration of treatment with Eqi was higher evidently than that of control (P
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Objective: To observe the effect of polysaccharide ingredients from six TCM complex prescriptions on releasing the cytokine(CK) level of mouse celiac macrophages (M?), to explore the possible mechanism and direct the extractionand separation of active components for above compounds. Methods: The total polysaccharide ingredients of six complex prescriptions were prepared: Siwu Decoction, Sijunzi Decoction, Liuweidihuang Decoction, Guizhi Decoction, Longdanxiegan Decoction and Yupingfeng Pulveres, then the mouse celiac M? were incubated together in 96 holes board. Furthermore, levels for the latter to release CK, including IL-1?, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-?, were measured. Results: Polysaccharide ingredients of each complex prescription could obviously accelerate mouse celiac M? to release one or more CK, and the e ects had concentration otherness (P
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AIM: To observe the difference in the application of proportion of pinellisa decoction for purging stomach-fire, ginger rind and licorice root with different BP (back propagation,BP) method of artificial neural network. METHODS: The influence of gastric mucuqas content in normal rats was measured, and the groups of different flavor of a drug and dosage were divided according to homogeneous design. This research was programmed with MATLAB6.5, conformed the experimental data with BP artificial neural network, and the research compared the different structural topology of 8-3-1?8-8-1?8-12-1, and compared the different influence with the different BP method to network. And then, the expected mode of gastric mucus content was formed, which based on the BP neural network. RESULTS: The artificial neural network model that had 8-10-1 structural topology and improved BP method was formed, and it was a kind of good method to uniform the studied samples and to forecast the unstudied samples, Moreover, the expected effect of variable learning rate back propagation was best. CONCLUSION: Using the studying of pinellisa decoction for purging stomach-fire, ginger rind and licorice as an example, and give birth to the new model in studying proportioning of compound prescription. This model will found its position in studying proportioning of compound prescription.
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Chinese compound priscriptions of traditional herbs are widely used in the alternative therapy for all kinds of diseases It remains unclear how the compounds in different herbs interact each other and which exacting mechanism can complain their effects The components and pharmacological effects of the combination of Chinese herbs are not due to the simple mixture of single herb's The substance basis research of combination herbs is one of the important issue for understanding their pharmacological mechanism Here the recent progress on the substance basis research of combination Chinese traditional herbs is reviewed, including the combinative effects and quantity ratio relation study, herbs serum study, chemical compounds research, the methods and techniques in chemical components analysis, and application foreground of Chinese compound priscription
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Objective:To probe into clinical therapeutic effects of separated TCM compound recipe Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction for combination of disease and syndrome,so as to further expound the law of TCM recipe formulation.Methods:By using randomized double blind placebo control method,123 cases were randomly divided into Xuefu Zhuyu group,refine Xuefu Zhuyu group,drug-pair group and placebo group.Each ease was administered 10ml each time,thrice daily,4 weeks as one course.Results:The therapeutic effect for angina pectoris of coronary heart disease was in order of Xuefu Zhuyu group,refine Xuefu Zhuyu group,drug-pair group and placebo group(P